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South China braces for fresh storms

By ZHAO YIMENG | China Daily | Updated: 2026-04-01 09:32
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As a round of severe convective weather in South China drew to a close on Tuesday, meteorologists warned that another wave of intense storms is expected to hit the region starting on Thursday night.

The volatile weather patterns are triggered by the rapid warming of the ground in spring while the upper atmosphere remains cold, creating an unstable "cold-over-warm" air mass. This instability, combined with westerly troughs and abundant moisture from the South China Sea, makes the southern parts of China particularly susceptible to severe conditions, according to Zhang Tao, chief forecaster at the National Meteorological Center.

The current convective system began early on Sunday morning, originating in the provinces of Yunnan and Guizhou. Several squall lines — linear and fast-moving bands of severe thunderstorms that form ahead of a cold front — were generated through Monday night, bringing strong winds and brief heavy rainfall.

These systems affected areas such as the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region and Guangdong province, causing localized hail and severe thunderstorms with wind speeds reaching 89 kilometers per hour. Zhang said the system would gradually weaken into general thunderstorms as it moved toward the coastal areas on Tuesday, with the process expected to conclude by late that night.

However, a new round of severe convective weather is expected to begin on Thursday night, starting in northern Guangxi and Guizhou before spreading to Hunan, Jiangxi, and other parts of southwestern and southern China. Zhang noted the core impact period is anticipated to be from Thursday to Friday, with an intensity comparable to the current system.

Squall lines are a key feature of this weather, often forming in an unstable atmosphere where mid-to-low level jets facilitate their rapid movement and bow-shaped structure. The recent events have been widespread but highly localized, affecting provinces such as Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hunan.

Zhang said the strongest convection occurred in warm sectors, driven by high — and low-level jets.

Despite improvements in identifying the triggers of severe convection, predicting these events remains a global meteorological challenge. Convective weather systems are mesoscale phenomena, typically spanning only tens to a few hundred kilometers and lasting from minutes to a few hours.

Spring is a peak period for squall lines in China due to the frequent interaction between cold and warm air masses. Zhang warned of the destructive potential of these systems, which can produce winds up to 118 km/h and, in extreme cases, spawn tornadoes.

As the Qingming Festival, or Tomb Sweeping Day, approaches, Zhang advised that the southern parts of China are expected to encounter conditions similar to the recent convective weather events.

He said the public should remain vigilant against convective winds and rainfall.

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